How to Troubleshoot the Dust Removal System of a Shot Blasting Machine?

I. Common Fault Symptoms & Remedial Measures

Dust leakage / dust blowing out from the blasting chamber

1. Insufficient extraction air volume

   Inspect and adjust the position of the extraction damper; ensure the air ducts have not become misaligned.

2. Excessive dust buildup on filter cartridges (or filter bags)

   Run an immediate cleaning cycle or replace the filter media. If any filter element is damaged, the entire set must be replaced to maintain consistent filtration performance.

3. Excessive dust accumulation inside the dust collector

   Shut down the machine and clear dust deposits at the bottom of the unit.

Poor dust extraction efficiency or complete loss of suction

1. Fan rotating in reverse direction

   Check electrical wiring and rewire to restore correct fan rotation direction.

2. Poor sealing performance

   Inspect the dust collector housing and all pipe joints; repair all air leakage points.

3. Malfunction of pulse cleaning system

• Confirm solenoid valve voltage remains stable within the range of 220 V ±10%;

• Adjust blowpipes to align perfectly with the center of each filter cartridge;

• Drain the air tank daily at scheduled times to prevent water buildup from lowering cleaning pressure (working pressure ≥ 0.5 MPa).

Abnormal fan operation

1. Dust buildup on fan impeller

   Carry out monthly regular cleaning, followed by dynamic balance calibration (allowable unbalance ≤ 5 g).

2. Damaged bearings

   Replace faulty bearings and apply high-temperature lithium-based grease.

3. Loose drive belt

   Adjust belt tension so that deflection under pressure is between 10 mm and 15 mm.

Excessive exhaust emission concentration (> 10 mg/m³)

II. Preventive Maintenance Guidelines

Daily Maintenance

• Pre-shift check: Listen for normal operating sound of the pulse cleaning system;

• Running state monitoring: Track differential pressure gauge readings (normal value < 1500 Pa);

• End-of-shift task: Clean the surrounding area of the dust collector unit.

Routine Periodic Maintenance

• Weekly: Check dust accumulation on filter cartridges;

• Monthly: Measure fan vibration levels (limit ≤ 4.5 mm/s);

• Quarterly: Full inspection of all sealing structures.

Annual Overhaul

• Replace all aged and worn filter cartridges;

• Clean fan impeller and complete dynamic balance calibration;

• Calibrate all monitoring instruments.